Toxic plant site walk
JobUnitDateWalked by
Walk every unit, edges and ditches too. Tick a box for each plant, note where, and do the field action first.
| Plant | Risk | Found | Not found | Field action | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rangeland | |||||
| Death camas Zigadenus spp. | High | avoid unit in early spring or wait until it dies back; never turn in hungry goats | |||
| Larkspur (tall and low) Delphinium spp. | High | avoid unit or limit time from flowering through pod stage; move animals quietly | |||
| Locoweed Astragalus spp. and Oxytropis spp. | High | avoid unit or fence off; pull any goat that starts seeking it out | |||
| Lupine Lupinus spp. | High | limit time; keep hungry goats off dense stands at seed stage | |||
| Bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum | Moderate | limit time; keep other forage available; recheck burned units | |||
| Broom and threadleaf snakeweed (broomweed) Gutierrezia sarothrae, G. microcephala also disturbed | Moderate | keep pregnant does off dense stands during fast growth | |||
| Greasewood Sarcobatus vermiculatus | Moderate | limit time; bring goats in full and watered; introduce slowly over several days | |||
| Horsebrush Tetradymia glabrata, T. canescens | Moderate | limit time; avoid driving hungry goats through stands in early spring | |||
| Milkvetch (nitro-toxin types) Astragalus spp. | Moderate | limit time; avoid during early growth | |||
| Oak (young leaves and acorns) Quercus spp. also landscaped | Moderate | limit time; keep oak under half the diet, especially on sprouts, felled trees and acorn drop | |||
| Orange sneezeweed Helenium hoopesii | Moderate | limit time; graze stands only briefly; remove animals at first signs | |||
| Rayless goldenrod Isocoma pluriflora | Moderate | limit time; keep nursing does off | |||
| Selenium accumulators (prince's plume, woody aster, some milkvetches) Stanleya spp., Xylorhiza spp., Astragalus spp. | Moderate | limit time; ask local extension about soil selenium before adding a selenium supplement | |||
| St. John's wort (klamathweed) Hypericum perforatum also disturbed | Moderate | limit time; keep white or freshly shorn goats off dense stands in full sun; shade any affected goat | |||
| Riparian and wet ground | |||||
| Arrowgrass Triglochin maritima, T. palustris | High | avoid wet alkaline meadows after drought or frost | |||
| Chokecherry and wild cherry Prunus virginiana, P. serotina, other wild Prunus spp. also rangeland | High | remove downed or cut branches before move-in; keep hungry goats off thickets; recheck after wind storms | |||
| False hellebore (corn lily) Veratrum californicum | High | fence off or keep bred does off moist meadows during early gestation | |||
| Hemp dogbane Apocynum cannabinum also disturbed | High | fence off or remove patches; check any hay | |||
| Poison hemlock Conium maculatum also disturbed | High | remove or fence off before move-in; keep pregnant does away | |||
| Water hemlock Cicuta spp. | High | fence off wet areas; remove whole plants with roots (gloves) before move-in | |||
| Landscaped and ornamental | |||||
| Avocado Persea americana | High | fence off trees; remove leaf litter and prunings | |||
| Castor bean Ricinus communis also disturbed | High | remove (gloves) before move-in; fence off | |||
| Cherry laurel and laurel cherry Prunus laurocerasus, P. caroliniana | High | remove trimmings and storm debris; fence off hedges | |||
If you think an animal has been poisoned, call your vet right away. Confirm any plant ID on site before you act. Photograph anything you cannot name and check it with your extension office. Continued overleaf. Page 1 of 2
Toxic plant site walk, continued
JobUnitDateWalked by
| Plant | Risk | Found | Not found | Field action | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Landscaped and ornamental (continued) | |||||
| Foxglove Digitalis purpurea also disturbed | High | remove; fence off beds | |||
| Japanese pieris (andromeda) Pieris japonica | High | fence off; remove clippings | |||
| Leucothoe Leucothoe spp. also riparian | High | fence off; remove clippings | |||
| Lily of the valley Convallaria majalis | High | remove; fence off beds | |||
| Mountain laurel Kalmia latifolia, Kalmia spp. | High | fence off; remove clippings | |||
| Oleander Nerium oleander | High | fence off; remove clippings; tell the landowner never to toss prunings over the fence | |||
| Rhododendron and azalea Rhododendron spp. | High | fence off; remove clippings | |||
| Yew Taxus spp. | High | remove all trimmings; fence off hedges; skip the unit if yew can't be fenced | |||
| Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia also disturbed | Moderate | limit time | |||
| Buckeye and horse chestnut Aesculus spp. also rangeland | Moderate | limit time; rake up fallen seeds | |||
| Lantana Lantana camara | Moderate | remove or fence off | |||
| Nandina (heavenly bamboo) Nandina domestica | Moderate | remove or fence off; limit time | |||
| Privet Ligustrum spp. also disturbed | Moderate | remove trimmings; limit time | |||
| Red-tip photinia Photinia x fraseri, Photinia spp. | Moderate | remove trimmings; limit time | |||
| Red maple (wilted leaves) Acer rubrum also riparian | Low | remove downed branches as a precaution | |||
| Disturbed ground | |||||
| Halogeton Halogeton glomeratus also rangeland | High | avoid unit if dense; never unload or water hungry or thirsty goats in a stand; adapt slowly | |||
| Jimsonweed Datura stramonium, Datura spp. | High | remove (gloves) before move-in | |||
| Johnsongrass and sorghum Sorghum halepense, Sorghum spp. | High | avoid unit after frost or drought; keep goats off short regrowth | |||
| Milkweed Asclepias spp. also rangeland | High | fence off or remove from pens and bed grounds; check hay | |||
| Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium also riparian | Moderate | avoid units with fresh seedlings | |||
| Kochia Bassia scoparia | Moderate | limit time; avoid stressed dense stands | |||
| Nightshades (black nightshade, bittersweet, horsenettle) Solanum spp. | Moderate | remove patches along fence lines; limit time | |||
| Redroot pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus spp. | Moderate | limit time; dilute with other forage; test after drought or frost | |||
| Tansy ragwort and groundsels Senecio jacobaea, Senecio spp. also rangeland | Moderate | limit time and rotate; never feed hay containing it | |||
| Curly dock and other docks Rumex crispus, Rumex spp. also riparian | Low | limit time | |||
| Lambsquarters Chenopodium album | Low | limit time | |||
If you think an animal has been poisoned, call your vet right away. This list is not complete. Call your veterinarian if you suspect poisoning. Not yet reviewed by a veterinarian. Full pages: chewgrass.com/toxic-plants/ Page 2 of 2